![\"high-cholesterol\"](\"images\/stories\/high-cholesterol.jpg\")
Kolesterol, ya\u015fam i\u00e7in gerekli olan mum k\u0131vam\u0131nda temel bir v\u00fcc\u00fct ya\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Kolesterol, beyin, sinirler, kalp, ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar, kaslar, karaci\u011fer ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm v\u00fccutta yayg\u0131n olarak bulunur.<\/p>\n
V\u00fccut kolesterol\u00fc kullanarak hormon (kortizon, seks hormonu), D vitamini ve ya\u011flar\u0131 sindiren safra asitlerini \u00fcretir. Bu i\u015flemler i\u00e7in kanda \u00e7ok az miktarda kolesterol bulunmas\u0131 yeterlidir.<\/p>\n
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\u0130Y\u0130 KOLESTEROL ve K\u00d6T\u00dc KOLESTEROL?<\/b> <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Kolesterol, ya\u011f\u0131ms\u0131 bir maddedir. Normal ko\u015fullarda, ya\u011f suyun i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez. Kolesterol de su \u00f6zelliklerini ta\u015f\u0131yan kanda normal ko\u015fullarda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez. Kolesterol, kanda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmesi ve ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in karaci\u011ferde bir protein ile birle\u015ftirilir. Bu kolesterol ile protein birle\u015fimine lipoprotein ad\u0131 verilir.<\/p>\n De\u011fi\u015fik tipte lipoproteinler vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n Ya\u011f metabolizmas\u0131 bozuklu\u011fu olan hastalar\u0131n yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 di\u011fer bir kan incelemesi de trigliserid \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Trigliserid de kolesterol gibi kanda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen bir ya\u011fd\u0131r. Kan trigliserid d\u00fczeyi ile arteriyoskleroz aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki, kolesterol kadar belirgin de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Y\u00dcKSEK KOLESTEROL?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Kanda kolesterol ve LDL-kolesterol\u00fcn y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131, hasta i\u00e7in risk ta\u015f\u0131r. HDL-kolesterol\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 da bir risktir. Bu riske sahip hastalarda, kalp krizi, fel\u00e7, damar t\u0131kanmas\u0131, b\u00f6brek yetmezli\u011fi gibi hastal\u0131klar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n 20 ya\u015f\u0131n \u00fczerinde <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Kan kolesterol d\u00fczeyi <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n < 200 mg\/dl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n istenilen d\u00fczey <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 200-239 mg\/dl aras\u0131 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n s\u0131n\u0131rda y\u00fcksek <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n > 240 mg\/dl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n y\u00fcksek <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Kan LDL-kolesterol d\u00fczeyi <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n < 130 mg\/dl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n istenilen d\u00fczey <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 130-159 mg\/dl aras\u0131 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n s\u0131n\u0131rda y\u00fcksek <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n > 160 mg\/dl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n y\u00fcksek <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Kan HDL-kolesterol d\u00fczeyi <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n < 40 mg\/dl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n Kolesterol > 200 mg\/dl veya HDL-kolesterol y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e risk azal\u0131r. Yani kad\u0131nlar bu y\u00f6nden daha \u015fansl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kan trigliserid d\u00fczeyi <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n < 200 mg\/dl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n normal <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 200-400 mg\/dl aras\u0131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n s\u0131n\u0131rda y\u00fcksek <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 400-1000 mg\/dl aras\u0131 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n y\u00fcksek <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n > 1000 mg\/dl<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n Kanda kolesterol\u00fcn y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131, ya\u011f metabolizmas\u0131 bozuklu\u011fudur. Ya\u011f metabolizmas\u0131 bozuklu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcphe edilen bir hastada yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015flem, kan al\u0131narak \u00f6ncelikle kolesterol, LDL-kolesterol, HDL-kolesterol ve trigliserid d\u00fczeyi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesidir. Tedaviye karar vermeden \u00f6nce, bu de\u011ferler en az 2 kere \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmelidir. \u00a0<\/p>\n Y\u00dcKSELMEYE YOLA\u00c7AN HASTALIKLAR?<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Kanda kolesterol d\u00fczeyini etkileyen \u00e7ok say\u0131da fakt\u00f6r vard\u0131r. Bu fakt\u00f6rlerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6nlenebilir niteliktedir. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131:<\/p>\n D\u00fczenli egzersiz, iyi huylu kolesterol\u00fc y\u00fckseltir ve k\u00f6t\u00fc huylu kolesterol\u00fc azalt\u0131r. \u00a0<\/p>\n Baz\u0131 hastal\u0131klarda kolesterol d\u00fczeyi y\u00fckselir. Bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ikiye ay\u0131rarak incelemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr:<\/p>\n 1<\/b>. Kal\u0131tsal ya\u011f metabolizmas\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Hipotiroidi (Tiroid bezinin yetersiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131) Ayr\u0131ca, \u015fi\u015fmanl\u0131k ve baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar da, y\u00fcksek kolesterole neden olabilir.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n KOLESTEROL\u2019\u00dcN \u00d6NEM\u0130?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye’de ve di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde \u00f6l\u00fcmlere ve kal\u0131c\u0131 sakatl\u0131klara yol a\u00e7an yayg\u0131n sorunlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, 6 milyon ki\u015fide kan kolesterol d\u00fczeyi s\u0131n\u0131rda y\u00fcksek (200-239 mg\/dl) ve 2 milyon ki\u015fide y\u00fcksektir (240 mg\/dl ve \u00fcst\u00fc). Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde \u00f6l\u00fcm nedenleri aras\u0131nda, kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ilk s\u0131radad\u0131r ve y\u00fcksek kolesterol, y\u00fcksek tansiyon, \u015fi\u015fmanl\u0131k gibi sorunlar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi ile bu \u00f6l\u00fcmler \u00f6nlenebilir veya geciktirilebilir. Bu nedenle, D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 1 numaral\u0131 insanl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 ilan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran fakt\u00f6rlere, kardiyovask\u00fcler risk fakt\u00f6rleri ad\u0131 verilir. Kanda, kolesterol ve LDL<\/b>-kolesterol\u00fcn y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131, hasta i\u00e7in risktir ve kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fi bir kardiyovask\u00fcler risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr. HDL<\/b>-kolesterol\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 da bir risktir. Bu riske sahip hastalarda, kalp krizi, fel\u00e7, damar t\u0131kanmas\u0131, b\u00f6brek yetmezli\u011fi gibi hastal\u0131klar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n V\u00dcCUDA VERD\u0130\u011e ZARARLAR NELER?<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Kanda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 miktarda bulunan kolesterol, yava\u015f yava\u015f (y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde) damarlar\u0131n duvar\u0131nda birikir(Arteryoskleroz). Bu birikim sonucu damarlarda sertle\u015fme, daralma, t\u0131kanma ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu durum, bir su borusunda pisliklerin birikmesine benzetilebilir. Kolesterol hangi damarda birikmi\u015fse o damarla ili\u015fkili sorunlar ve hastal\u0131klar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n Kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011finde belirti ve bulgular, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ani kolesterol y\u00fckselmesine ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir, uzun s\u00fcreli kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011finin damar duvar\u0131nda kolesterol birikmesine yol a\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131n sonucudur. Yani kolesterol\u00fcn\u00fcz \u015fu andaki de\u011ferinin 2-3 kat\u0131na y\u00fckselse ve 3-4 saat y\u00fcksek kalsa size bir zarar\u0131 olmaz. As\u0131l sorun<\/b>, ki\u015fide daha \u00f6nce uzun s\u00fcreli kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fi olmas\u0131d\u0131r<\/b>.<\/p>\n Kalbi besleyen damarlarda (koroner arter) kolesterol birikimi, bu damarlarda t\u0131kanma ve daralman\u0131n sonucu, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, kalp krizi ve kalp yetmezli\u011fi gibi sorunlara neden olur. Bunlar\u0131n sonucu, hasta koroner by-pass ameliyat\u0131 (cerrahi olarak darl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131) veya anjiyoplasti (balonla daralm\u0131\u015f koroner arterin geni\u015fletilmesi) i\u015flemine ihtiya\u00e7 duyabilir. Beyini besleyen boyun damarlar\u0131nda kolesterol birikimi olmas\u0131, fel\u00e7lere, konu\u015fma bozukluklar\u0131na, dengesiz y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye, bilin\u00e7 kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n B\u00f6brek damarlar\u0131nda kolesterol birikimi, y\u00fcksek tansiyon ve b\u00f6brek yetmezli\u011fine yol a\u00e7abilir. Ana atardamarda (aort) kolesterol birikimi de tehlikelidir. Buradan kopan kolesterol birikintileri, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck damarlar\u0131 t\u0131kayarak \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilirler: Ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131 besleyen damarlar\u0131 t\u0131kayarak ba\u011f\u0131rsak \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne, g\u00f6z damarlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0131kayarak k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011fe, bacak damarlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0131kayarak kangrene yol a\u00e7abilirler.<\/p>\n Kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 sorunlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, hasta ge\u00e7 kalm\u0131\u015f olabilir; bu nedenle kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fini \u00f6nlemek, y\u00fckselmi\u015fse d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n Y\u00dcKSEK KOLESTEROL VE H\u0130PERTANS\u0130YON \u0130L\u015eK\u0130S\u0130?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n Y\u00fcksek tansiyon, kan damar\u0131ndaki bas\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fckselterek a\u015f\u0131nma, y\u0131rt\u0131lmalara neden olur. Bu durum su borusu i\u00e7indeki bas\u0131nc\u0131n artmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 sorunlara benzetilebilir. Y\u00fcksek kolesterol de, damar duvar\u0131nda kolesterol birikimine yol a\u00e7arak damarlarda daralma, t\u0131kanmalara yol a\u00e7ar. Y\u00fcksek tansiyon ve kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fi kan damar\u0131na di\u011ferinin verdi\u011fi zarar\u0131n \u015fiddetini artt\u0131r\u0131r ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7abukla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bu nedenle, hem kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fi hem de y\u00fcksek tansiyon tedavi edilmelidir.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n TEDAV\u0130DE TEMEL PRENS\u0130PLER?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Y\u00fcksek kolesterol\u00fcn kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 ile ya\u015fam s\u00fcresinin uzad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kalp ve damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kal\u0131c\u0131 sakatl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6nlendi\u011fi kesin olarak g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fine ilaveten \u015fi\u015fmanl\u0131k, y\u00fcksek tansiyon, \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, sigara gibi di\u011fer kardiyovask\u00fcler risk fakt\u00f6rlerinin tedavisi de planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Tedavi 2 a\u015famada ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir: Her hasta i\u00e7in tedavi farkl\u0131l\u0131klar ta\u015f\u0131r. \u0130la\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 tedaviler kesinlikle ihmal edilmemelidir. \u0130la\u00e7 tedavisi, kesinlikle<\/b> doktor denetiminde olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00a0<\/p>\n \u0130LA\u00c7SIZ TEDAV\u0130LER?<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n \u0130la\u00e7s\u0131z tedaviler ya\u015fam d\u00fczeninin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi olarak da isimlendirilir. Y\u00fcksek kolesterol tedavisinde en \u00f6nemli konu, ila\u00e7s\u0131z tedavilerdir, kesinlikle ihmal edilmemelidir. \u0130la\u00e7s\u0131z tedavilerde yap\u0131lan ihmal, kolesterol d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek amac\u0131 ile kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da azalt\u0131r. Sigara<\/b> kesinlikle b\u0131rak\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sigara da kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fi gibi bir kardiyovask\u00fcler risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr. Sigara ayr\u0131ca akci\u011fer kanseri, akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, beyin kanamas\u0131 ve bir\u00e7ok kansere de zemin haz\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n Hastada y\u00fcksek tansiyon<\/b> varsa, y\u00fcksek tansiyon tedavisinde ge\u00e7erli olan ila\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 tedaviler ihmal edilmemelidir. Y\u00fcksek tansiyon ve kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011finde uygulanan ila\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 tedaviler birbirine benzerlik g\u00f6sterir. Y\u00fcksek tansiyonlu hastalarda, ilaveten beslenme ile al\u0131nan tuzun da azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n \u015eeker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/b> kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ns\u00fclin kullanmak gerekiyorsa ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u015ei\u015fmanl\u0131k<\/b> kesinlikle kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.D\u00fczenli egzersiz<\/b> HDL-kolesterol\u00fc (iyi kolesterol) y\u00fckseltir, LDL-kolesterol\u00fc (k\u00f6t\u00fc kolesterol) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Hastalar, d\u00fczenli egzersiz yapmay\u0131 al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k haline getirmelidirler. Haftada, en az 3, tercihen 5 kez, 30-45 dakika s\u00fcre ile y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f, ko\u015fu, y\u00fczme, bisiklete binme gibi sporlar yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n BESLENME<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Doymu\u015f ya\u011flardan ve kolesterolden fakir diyet se\u00e7ilmelidir. S\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flarda doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f daha fazlad\u0131r, bu nedenle, s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flar tercih edilmelidir. \u00a0<\/p>\n F\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n kalp sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine olumlu etkileri oldu\u011fu ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarla ispatlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan, 86.000 hastay\u0131 i\u00e7eren, 14 y\u0131ll\u0131k takibi olan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, haftada en az (dikkat edilmesi gereken yiyecek listesi ektedir)<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n \u0130LA\u00c7 TEDAV\u0130S\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Ya\u011f metabolizmas\u0131 bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek amac\u0131 ile \u00e7e\u015fitli ila\u00e7lar geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Bu ila\u00e7lara ne zaman ba\u015flanaca\u011f\u0131, ne kadar s\u00fcre kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ve hedef kolesterol, LDL-kolesterol, trigliserid d\u00fczeyleri, kesinlikle doktor denetiminde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n HASTALARIN YAPTI\u011eI HATALAR<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n 1 <\/b>Kolesterol d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131rken diyeti \u00f6nemsememek <\/b><\/p>\n (En s\u0131k yap\u0131lan hata unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131rki ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131lsa bile kolesterolden fakir <\/b><\/p>\n diyet tedavinin esas\u0131d\u0131r) <\/b><\/p>\n 2 <\/b>Doktor randevusuna gitmeden birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn-hafta \u00f6nce, diyet yapmaya ba\u015flamak<\/p>\n 3<\/b> Doktor veya beslenme uzman\u0131na dan\u0131\u015fmadan diyet de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri yapmak<\/p>\n 4<\/b> Kolesterol d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131rken \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, y\u00fcksek tansiyon, sigara i\u00e7imi gibi di\u011fer sorunlar\u0131 ihmal etmek<\/p>\n 5<\/b> Kom\u015funun veya arkada\u015f\u0131n \u00f6nerisi ile ila\u00e7 almak<\/p>\n 6<\/b> \u0130lac\u0131n bitmesi, muayeneye k\u0131sa bir zaman kalmas\u0131 gibi nedenlerle ila\u00e7 tedavisine k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli bile olsa ara vermek<\/p>\n 7<\/b> Kullan\u0131lan ilac\u0131n ismini hat\u0131rlamamak ve doktora giderken ila\u00e7 kutusunu yan\u0131na almamak.<\/p>\n Y\u00fcksek kolesterol\u00fcn \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n bir hastal\u0131k olmas\u0131, kamuoyu ve medyan\u0131n da ilgisini \u00e7ekmektedir. Gerek kamuoyunda gerek medyada, y\u00fcksek kolesterol konusu \u00e7ok konu\u015fulmakta ve bu konuda uzman olmayan ki\u015filerin de fikirleri yans\u0131t\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Hastalar, yetkisiz ve bilgisiz ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan eksik ve yanl\u0131\u015f bilgilendirilebileceklerini unutmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n HASTALARA \u00d6NER\u0130LER?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n 1<\/b> Kolesterol d\u00fczeylerinizi kaydetmeyi al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k haline getiriniz.<\/p>\n 2<\/b> T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, bilin\u00e7siz ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131n bir sorundur, kolesterol d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ila\u00e7lar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yeni kabul edilebilir, bu nedenle yanl\u0131\u015f ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n 3<\/b> Emekli Sand\u0131\u011f\u0131, Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu, Ba\u011f-Kur gibi sa\u011fl\u0131k sigorta g\u00fcvencesi olanlar, e\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtir bir heyet raporu<\/tt> <\/tt>al\u0131rlarsa ila\u00e7lar\u0131na hi\u00e7bir \u00fccret \u00f6demezler. Bu konuda, doktorlar\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n 4<\/b> Bir seyahate giderken, sa\u011fl\u0131k karnenizi, heyet raporlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131, ila\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yan\u0131n\u0131za almay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n 5<\/b> \u0130la\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenli kullan\u0131n, kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 aksatmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n 6<\/b> Doktora giderken, kendinize ait t\u00fcm t\u0131bbi d\u00f6k\u00fcmanlar\u0131 (filmler, tahlil sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, hastane dosyas\u0131, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ila\u00e7lar\u0131n kutusu) mutlaka yan\u0131n\u0131za al\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n 7<\/b> \u0130la\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n sadece ismine de\u011fil dozuna da bak\u0131n\u0131z, \u00f6\u011freniniz ve kaydediniz.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Hangi doktora gideyim? <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n E\u011fer y\u00fcksek kolesterolden ba\u015fka bir sorununuz yoksa, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Oca\u011f\u0131 hekimi, Aile hekimi, Dahiliye uzman\u0131, Endokrinoloji uzman\u0131 veya Kalp-Damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 uzman\u0131na gidebilirsiniz. Y\u00fcksek kolesterolle birlikte kalbinizde de sorun varsa Kalp-Damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 uzman\u0131na gidiniz. <\/b><\/p>\n \u0130la\u00e7 kullan\u0131yorum, kolesterol\u00fcm\u00fc ka\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeliyim?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n <\/b>Hedef LDL-kolesterol d\u00fczeyi, hastada kalp ve damar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n <\/b><\/p>\n Hangi s\u0131kl\u0131kta kolesterol d\u00fczeyimi \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fcrmeliyim?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n <\/b>E\u011fer kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fi saptanm\u0131\u015fsa bu s\u00fcreye doktorunuzla birlikte karar vermeniz gerekir. E\u011fer kolesterol\u00fcn\u00fcz normal s\u0131n\u0131rlarda ise ve ya\u015fam \u015feklinizde bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmam\u0131\u015fsa (Risk fakt\u00f6rleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda ) 3 y\u0131lda bir \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fcrmeniz yeterlidir. Ailede kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fi varsa bu s\u00fcre k\u0131salabilir. Kolesterol \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc check up diye de isimlendirilen sa\u011fl\u0131k kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Check up incelemelerinde ilk yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken inceleme, kanda kolesterol d\u00fczeyi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Tavsiye edilen g\u0131dalar <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc yenecek g\u0131dalar <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Ka\u00e7\u0131nmak gereken g\u0131dalar <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Ekmek, tah\u0131l <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Kepekli u\u011fday, \u00e7avdar ekme\u011fi, yulaf ezmesi, m\u0131s\u0131r gevre\u011fi, makarna, pirin\u00e7, bulgur<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n A\u00e7ma, kruvasan, po\u011fa\u00e7a <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n S\u00fctl\u00fc \u00fcr\u00fcnler <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Ya\u011fs\u0131z s\u00fct, az ya\u011fl\u0131 peynir ve eritme peyniri, ya\u011fs\u0131z yo\u011furt, yumurta ak\u0131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Yar\u0131m ya\u011fl\u0131 s\u00fct, yar\u0131m ya\u011fl\u0131 peynir (dil peyniri), yar\u0131m ya\u011fl\u0131 yo\u011furt, haftada 2 yumurta<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Tam ya\u011fl\u0131 s\u00fct, konsantre s\u00fct, \u015fanti, kaymak, taklit s\u00fct\u00fc, ya\u011fl\u0131 peynir ve yo\u011furtlar <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u00c7orbalar <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Sebze \u00e7orbas\u0131, et suyu \u00e7orbas\u0131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u0130\u015fkembe \u00e7orbas\u0131, pa\u00e7a <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Bal\u0131k <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn beyaz etli ve ya\u011fl\u0131 bal\u0131klar (\u0131zgara, bu\u011fulama)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Uygun ya\u011fda k\u0131zart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bal\u0131k<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Bal\u0131k yumurtas\u0131, havyar, belirsiz ya\u011fda k\u0131zart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bal\u0131klar <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Deniz mahs\u00fclleri <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u0130stiridye<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Midye, \u0131stakoz<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Karides, kalamar <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Et <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Tavuk, hindi, dana, av eti<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Ya\u011fs\u0131z s\u0131\u011f\u0131r, dana jambon, kuzu (haftada 1-2), dana ve tavuk sosisi, ci\u011fer (ayda 1 defa)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00d6rdek, kaz, ya\u011fl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnen b\u00fct\u00fcn etler, sosis, salam, past\u0131rma, sucuk, k\u00fcmes hayvanlar\u0131 derisi <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Ya\u011flar <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00c7oklu doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011flar (ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi, m\u0131s\u0131r \u00f6z\u00fc, soya) Tereya\u011f\u0131, Trabzon ya\u011f\u0131, i\u00e7 ya\u011f\u0131, kuyruk ya\u011f\u0131, hidrojene ya\u011flar, sert margarinler <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Sebze ve meyve <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn taze ve dondurulmu\u015f sebzeler, kurubaklagiller (mercimek, fasulye, nohut vb), ha\u015flanm\u0131\u015f patates<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Uygun ya\u011fda k\u0131zart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f patates ve sebze<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Belirsiz ya\u011fda k\u0131zart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f patates, sebze, cips, tuzlu konserve, sebze <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Tatl\u0131lar <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Ya\u011fs\u0131z s\u00fctle yap\u0131lan tatl\u0131lar (muhallebi, s\u00fctla\u00e7 vb), meyva salatas\u0131, limon dondurmas\u0131, a\u015fure, pestiller, kuru yemi\u015fli sucuklar, cezerye<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00c7oklu doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f veya margarinle yap\u0131lan pasta ve bisk\u00fcviler, badem tatl\u0131s\u0131, helva<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Dondurma, baklava, kremal\u0131 pastalar, haz\u0131r pastalar, bisk\u00fcviler, haz\u0131r pudingler, \u00c7ikolata ve b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7ikolatal\u0131 haz\u0131r tatl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnleri <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n Kuruyemi\u015f <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n Ceviz, badem, kestane<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Yerf\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131, Antep f\u0131st\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Hindistan cevizi, tuzlu e\u011flencelik <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \u0130\u00e7ecekler, soslar <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u00c7ay, kahve, nescafe, az kalorili me\u015frubat<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Az ya\u011fl\u0131 soslar<\/p>\n<\/td>\n Fazla tuz, haz\u0131r salata soslar\u0131, mayonez <\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kolesterol, ya\u015fam i\u00e7in gerekli olan mum k\u0131vam\u0131nda temel bir v\u00fcc\u00fct ya\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Kolesterol, beyin, sinirler, kalp, ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar, kaslar, karaci\u011fer ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm v\u00fccutta yayg\u0131n olarak bulunur. V\u00fccut kolesterol\u00fc kullanarak hormon (kortizon, seks hormonu), D vitamini ve ya\u011flar\u0131 sindiren safra asitlerini \u00fcretir. Bu i\u015flemler i\u00e7in kanda \u00e7ok az miktarda kolesterol bulunmas\u0131 yeterlidir. \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"two_page_speed":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-46","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"en","enabled_languages":["tr","en"],"languages":{"tr":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"yoast_head":"\n\n
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LDL-kolesterol > 130 mg\/dl veya
HDL-kolesterol < 40 mg\/dl ise R\u0130SK FAZLADIR<\/b>.<\/p>\n
Ortalama HDL-kolesterol d\u00fczeyi,<\/p>\n\n
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Tedavi d\u00fczenlenirken \u00f6ncelikle LDL-kolesterol d\u00fczeyleri temel al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
60-65 ya\u015fa kadar, ya\u015fla birlikte kolesterol d\u00fczeyi artar.
Kad\u0131nlarda, menopozdan sonra kolesterol d\u00fczeyi artar.<\/p>\n
2<\/b>. Di\u011fer hastal\u0131klar<\/p>\n
Karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131
Nefrit (B\u00f6bre\u011fin mikrobik olmayan iltihabi hastal\u0131klar\u0131)
\u015eeker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n![\"kalp\"](\"images\/stories\/kalp.jpg\")
Kolesterol ve y\u00fcksek tansiyon aras\u0131nda do\u011frudan bir ili\u015fki yoktur. Yani kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fi y\u00fcksek tansiyona, y\u00fcksek tansiyon kolesterol y\u00fcksekli\u011fine yol a\u00e7maz. Ancak ikisinin de hedefi ve zarar verdi\u011fi yer ayn\u0131d\u0131r: Kan damarlar\u0131<\/b>.<\/p>\n
1<\/b>. \u0130la\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 tedavi
2<\/b>. \u0130la\u00e7 tedavisi<\/p>\n
Tedavide hedef belirlenirken LDL-kolesterol d\u00fczeyinin esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 tercih edilir. Hedef LDL-kolesterol d\u00fczeyi, hastada kalp ve damar hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n
\u0130la\u00e7s\u0131z tedavilerin ba\u015f\u0131nda, beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gelir.<\/p>\n![\"Beslenme\"](\"images\/stories\/Beslenme.jpg\")
Y\u00fcksek kolesterol tedavisinin olmazsa olmaz ko\u015fuludur. V\u00fccut, gereksinimi olan kolesterol\u00fc, kendisi \u00fcretebilir, bu nedenle, diyetle kolesterol almaya gerek yoktur. Beslenme konusunda tedavi plan\u0131, beslenme uzman\u0131 ile birlikte yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Genel olarak sebze, meyve ve hububat tercih edilmelidir.
K\u0131zartmalardan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n\u0131z.
K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 et yerine beyaz eti tercih ediniz.
Y\u00fcksek tansiyonunuz varsa kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z tuzu azalt\u0131n\u0131z.
Karaci\u011fer, b\u00f6brek ve beyin gibi kolesterol\u00fc fazla olan etlerden uzak durunuz.
G\u0131dalar\u0131n ya\u011f ve kalori i\u00e7eriklerine de dikkat edilmelidir. Ya\u011f\u0131 azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f peynir, s\u00fct\u00fc tercih ediniz. Diyet peynir, diyet s\u00fct kullansan\u0131z bile bunlar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 miktarda t\u00fcketiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Doktor se\u00e7iminde en \u00f6nemli nokta, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 hasta-hekim ili\u015fkisinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Gerekli ila\u00e7 d\u0131\u015f\u0131 tedavileri uygulaman\u0131za ve ila\u00e7 tedavisine ra\u011fmen kolesterol\u00fcn\u00fcz kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131namazsa, y\u00fcksek kolesterol konusunda deneyimli oldu\u011funu bildi\u011finiz veya \u00f6\u011frendi\u011finiz bir merkeze gidiniz.<\/p>\n\n
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Tekli doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011flar (zeytinya\u011f\u0131, hidrojene olmam\u0131\u015f yumu\u015fak margarin)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n <\/div>\n